بقلم د.عادل جعفر
استشاري طب نفسي
خلال المقابلة الطبية التي نجريها مع متعاطي المخدرات هناك ما يعرف بالجلسة التحفيزية
اقترح ان نسميها الجلسة التحفيزية الأساسية و أن تنقسم الى جلستين أساسيتين!!.
الجلسة الأولى :
نحن ندرك ان الشخص المتعاطي كان ينشد تحقيق المتعة بتناوله للمادة المخدرة … نقول له أن هذه المتعة هي عبارة عن سعادة مَرَضْية و ليست بسعادة حقيقية و تُرجع بالوبال عليه !!.
هنا علينا أن نشرح له و بشكل مبسط
انه اخطأ الطريق ، لأنه من ينشد تحقيق المتعة سيفقد السعادة !! و هنا عند هذا النقطة و بسهولة سنجلب اهتمامه لإننا ضربنا وتر حساس في داخله !!. لأنه يعلم جيداً انه بدأ يفقد سعادته رويدا رويداً !!.
علينا أن ننهي الجلسة الأولى عند حد يثير التشويق لديه ليتابع الجلسة الثانية بالضبط عندما تنتهي احدى حلقات المسلسل المكسيكي الى مفصل يجعل المشاهد متحمس لرؤية الحلقة القادمة!!.
لهذا اقتراحي ان تتضمن الجلسة التحفيزية الأساسية بالإضافة الى فقراتها المعروفة فقرة نشرح فيها أثر السعادة الفردية والمتعة على الفرد و المجتمع و ما هو الغرض منهما!!.
هنا اقترح أن نجعل المريض يجيب على
عن بعض الأسئلة المهمة:
هل سعادة الإنسان مهمة؟
هل السعادة شعور إنساني عالمي؟
هل للسعادة أساس علمي؟
هل تعتقد أن السعادة والمتعة نفس الشيء؟
هل تعلم ما كنت تنشده بتعاطي المادة المخدرة؟.
هل كنت تنشد المتعة ام السعادة؟ ..لأني أرى أنك غير سعيد و انك كنت تحقق متعة موقتة … متعة سرقت منك سعادتك و التي سنحاول معاً إرجاعها لك!!.
أود أن اقول لك انه عندما تأكل بعض الطعام اللذيذ ، فإنك تستمتع به ، لكن المتعة لا تدوم طويلاً ، حيث لا يمكنك الاستمرار في تناول الطعام إلى أجل غير مسمى. بعد مرور بعض الوقت على الانتهاء من تناول الطعام ، يتلاشى الإحساس بالمتعة.
قد تستمتع بمشاهدة فيلم ، لكن الفيلم يستمر لساعة و نص او أكثر ، ثم بعد نهايته تعود إلى واقعك اليومي.
عندما تقرأ كتابًا تستمتع بقراءته ، تصل في النهاية إلى الصفحة الأخيرة. قد تستمر ذكرى الكتاب ، ولكن بعد ذلك تبقى أنت تبحث عن شيء آخر تفعله ليحقق المتعة مثل تناول مادة مخدرة.
في نهاية الجلسة التحفيزية الأولى
اقول له فكّر في هذه الاسئلة ، أبحث عن أجوبتها و سنُكمِل الحوار في الجلسة القادمة !!.
في بداية الجلسة التحفيزية الأساسية الثانية نذكّر المريض أننا قلنا له فكّر في العديد من الاسئلة التي أعطيناها لك .
أخبرنا عن ما وصلت اليه من استنتاجات…… نستمع اليه . هذه الفقرة تعطينا انطباع عن ثقافته و مدى رغبته في العلاج و دافعه الحقيقي… و كذلك كم استطعنا ان نحفزه في التعاون معنا للوصول الى الشفاء.
بعد ذلك نأخذ منه قيادة الحوار لنشرح له الفرق بين المتعة و السعادة ::
تلك المتعة التي كان ينشدها!!.
تلك المتعة التي دمرت سعادته و التي نريد أستردادها!!.
نقول له:
انك كنت تنشد المتعة و ليس السعادة و بدون علم منك !!.
فالمتعة قصيرة الأمد. … أما السعادة تدوم طويلا.
المتعة عضوية سبباً و فعلاً.. أما السعادة نفسية سبباً و سلوكاً.
المتعة تؤخذ … اما السعادة فهي العطاء بعينه .
يمكن تحقيق المتعة بالمواد المخدرة … بيننا لا يمكن تحقيق السعادة بالمواد.
يشعر الشخص بالمتعة منفرداً لحاله…. أما السعادة يكون الشعور بها وسط المجموعات الاجتماعية.
فرط المتعة يؤدي إلى الإدمان ، سواء كانت مصادرها مواد أو سلوكيات…. على النقيض لا يوجد شيء مثل الإدمان على الكثير من السعادة.
أخيرًا والأهم من ذلك كله ، ترتبط المتعة بالدوبامين (الناقل الكيميائي العصبي) … بينما السعادة مرتبطة بالسيروتونين (الناقل الكيميائي العصبي للسعادة ).
هكذا كما ترى ،انه على الرغم من أن المتعة والسعادة تجلبا الفرح والمشاعر الطيبة ، إلا أنهما ليسا نفس الشيء.
نعم نحن بحاجة إلى المتعة والسعادة ونستمتع بها ، لكن علينا أن نفهم أن المتعة ترتبط بالأحاسيس الجسدية ، و هي أحاسيس زائلة لكن السعادة هي إحساس يرتبط بالسلام الداخلي والهدوء العقلي والعاطفي.
نصيحتي لك انه بدلًا من انتظار الأحداث الخارجية لتثير سعادتك ، عليك أن تحضرها من داخلك. لأن السلام الداخلي له علاقة كبيرة بحالة السعادة ، فكلما كان عقلك أكثر هدوءًا ، زادت السعادة التي يمكنك الاستمتاع بها.
في نهاية الجلسة اقول لك:
عندما تكون قادرًا على جعل عقلك مطمئنًا ، فإنك في تلك اللحظة يبدأ مشوارك مع المزيد من السعادة.
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