بقلم: زكي الساعدي / مهندس استشاري
تتعالى الكثير من الاصوات المطالبة بالبطاقة الغذائية الغائبة هنا وهناك لكن اغلب الاصوات تاتي من خارج قبة البرلمان فمن موجود في تلك البقعة الخضراء المقدسة لا يهتم بوجود مفردات البطاقة التموينية ولايعلم ولايهمه ان وزعت ام لا ،اما الذين تاجرو باسم الفقراء هم مسؤولين عن صفقات تلك البطاقة المتذبذبة الفاسدة الملامح .
لابد من ايجاد حل حقيقي جذري لإنقاذ الطبقة المتوسطة والفقيرة التي تعاني من التفقير المتعمد الناجم من خفض قيمة الدينار العراقي أمام العملة الاجنبية وشحة المواد الغذائية بسبب احتكارها من التجار وعدم مراقبة السوق المحلية لذلك فان هذه الازمة في تفاقم مستمر مادام الحل مفقود ، ان مايقارب ثمانية الف موظف في وزارة التجارة يعملون على موضوع البطاقة التموينية التي تثبت يوم بعد يوم اخفاقها في توفير المفردات الاساسية للمواطن بالنظر لحجم رواتب موظفي هذه الوزارة واسطول النقل البري والبحري وتكاليف نقل هذه المواد والمخازن المؤجرة لها والتخصيص المالي السنوي في ميزانية الدولة الذي يصل حوالي المليار دولار كل هذا الدعم المالي واللوجستي لايلبي مايطمح اليه المواطن لسد احتياجه البسيط من المواد الغذائية .
نطرح عدة مقترحات يمكن ان تنقذ المواطن الفقير من شبح المجاعة والمجتمع من التفقير القسري على ان تكون حزمة واحدة لا تتجزأ
كما مبين ادناه :
♦️دفع بدل نقدي للمواطن ليستطيع اختيار إحتياجهُ دون قيد أو شرط ويكون البدل مجزي ويتراوح من ٦٥-٨٥ دولار تبعا لسعر النفط في الموازنة .
♦️تحديد الفئات المشمولة بالبدل النقدي للبطاقة التموينية عبر رقمنة المدخولات لكل افراد المجتمع ووضع قيود وشروط للمستحقين .
♦️جعل وزارة التجارة مؤسسة رابحة منتجة بتحويلها الى ان تكون المستورد الرئيسي الأكبر لمفردات البطاقة التموينية والسلع الرئيسية والمواد الاولية الداخلة في الصناعات الغذاء عبر فتح الاستيراد للوزارة كونها معفية من الضرائب والرسوم الگمرگية وبالتالي سيكون المستورد من المواد ينافس ما يستورده القطاع الخاص وتكون نافذة البيع الرئيسية هي الاسواق المركزية وبالتالي نكون قد فعلنا هذا الجزء المندثر في الوزارة وجعلنا هامش الربح ٧ % وهذا الهامش الربحي يوزع على الموظفين بصيغة رواتب وسنكون بذلك قد جعلنا رواتب الموظفين تمويلا ذاتيا ويتيح للموظف في الشركة الرابحة ان يستحصل ضعف راتبه وهو خارج ميزانية الدولة ليكون فاعلا لانجاح هذا القطاع الحيوي وبالوقت نفسه ستتوفر المواد الغذائية في الاسواق المركزية بسعر يصل الى نصف السعر المعروض الحالي .
♦️تفعيل الامن الغذائي ومراقبة أسعار السوق المحلية ومحاربة الاحتكار .
♦️استحداث سعر بيع خاص للدولار يسمى بدولار الفقير ويكون هذا السعر مدعوم من الدولة اي بالسعر القديم ١١١٨ يحسب للمواطنين والشركات عند استيراد المواد الغذائية الاساسية والبذور والمواد الاولية الداخلة في الصناعات الغذائية حصرا .
♦️دعم الانتاجً الزراعي عبر توفير سبل الارتقاء بالزراعة دعما للمنتج الوطني .
♦️دعم الصناعات الغذائية الاساسية كافة وفتح تسهيلات مصرفية واعفاءات نسبية گمرگية للتشجيع على خلق المنتج الوطني وجعل الهدف منه منافسا نوعيا ليحقق الاكتفاء الذاتي .
ان بعض الحلول الانية البسيطة كتوزيع منحة ليست حلاً مرتقباً لمشكلة مهمة واساسية كتوفير الغذاء للمواطن.
فما إن توفرت الإرادة السياسية لمعالجتها فأن كل شيء قابل للتحقيق ….
بغداد ١٢/٣/٢٠٢٢
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