الربط السككي ضرورة للتطور الاقتصادي -2 –

سبتمبر 15, 2023

المشاهدات : 700

عبدالزهرة مطر الكعبي
يصنف البنك الدولي العراق على انه من البلدان ذات الدخل فوق المتوسط ، اي بأمكانه الاعتماد على نفسه في تنفيذ خطة وطنية لانشاء شبكة واسعة من السكك بنسختها السابقة التي كانت محط انظار الشركات الغربية في فترة الحصار او تحديثها ، عبر تخصيص مبالغ سنوية ثابتة ، او من خلال مقايضة بالنفط ، وللعراق تجربة سابقة في هذا المجال مع شركة ماروبيني اليابانية التي نفذت اكبر عشرة مستشفيات متطورة على مستوى المنطقة في عقد الثمانينيات كانت ولازالت هي الافضل حتى يومنا هذا في تقديم الخدمات الطبية للمواطنين.
الاعتماد في تنفيذ السكك الوطنية على القروض الخارجية او الاستثمار الاجنبي دون أولوية للمصالح الوطنية يضع العراق في خانة التبعية ، لكون هذا القطاع شديد الحساسية وله ارتباط بكل نشاطات الدولة التجارية والزراعية و الامنية واوقات الازمات ، على عكس قطاعات اخرى قد يكون الاستثمار الخاص صالحا لها، ففقد اثبتت اغلب تجارب العالم ان القطاع العام هو الوحيد القادر على تقديم خدمة عامة كفوءة في هذا المجال ، لكون القطاع الخاص او المستثمر الاجنبي يضع نصب عينيه عوائد الاستثمار قبل الخدمة ، في تجربة اوربا و مناطق اخرى من العالم دروس يجب ان نتعلمها، عندما أرتأت تلك الدول للتخلص من عبء الدعم المالي للقطاعات الخدمية ومنها السكك في عقد التسعينيات لجأت الى فكرة الخصخصة، وعمدت الى تجزئة مكونات القطاع لمشاركة اكبر عدد من القطاع الخاص ، لكن بعد سنوات عادت تلك الدول لألغاء الخصخصة نتيجة انخفاض كفاءة الخدمة وارتفاع كلفة الخدمات مما تذمر منه المواطنين كما في فرنسا وانكلترا والمانيا وايرلندة واسكتلندة التي كانت اخر من الغت ادارة القطاع الخاص للسكك (منقول من مجلة تكنلوجيا السكك الحديدية 2022)، وبالامكان تقديم قائة من الامثلة على ذلك ، وتشذ عن هذه القاعدة بعض المناطق حول العالم مثل اميركا لحسابات مع فرض شروط صارمة
كما السكك الحديدية هي جوهر مبادرة الحزام والطريق وتعتمدها اساسا للأنضمام اليها ، وليس شأنا ثانويا كما يشاع ، وهذا ما اكده باحثون من مؤسسة RAND الاميركية نشر على منصة المنتدى الاقتصادي العالمي، من ان الصين تشترط في مبادرتها (البنية التحتية للنقل متعدد الوسائط لتسهيل التوسع التجاري ، وجذب الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر ، وتسريع عملية التصنيع ، وتسهيل التكامل الإقليمي وتسريع العملية للنمو الاقتصادي. بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، فإن وجود خط سكة حديد بين الشركاء التجاريين له الأثر الأكبر في تحسين التجارة في منطفة الحزام والطريق BRI) )، صحيح ان المبادرة في شكلها العلني تنص على “بناء سوق كبير موحد والاستفادة الكاملة من الأسواق الدولية والمحلية، من خلال التبادل الثقافي والتكامل، لتعزيز التفاهم والثقة المتبادلة بين الدول الأعضاء، وينتهي الأمر بنمط مبتكر مع تدفقات رأس المال وتجمع المواهب. وقاعدة بيانات التكنولوجيا). الا ان حقيقة مبادرة الحزام والطريق لعام 2013 في جوهرها تعتمد الحزام الاقتصادي لطريق الحرير التاريخي مع تطوير طريق الحرير البحري للقرن الحادي والعشرين ، وكانت تسمى عند اطلاقها اول الامر حزام واحد طريق واحد One Belt One Road ، ثم تم تغيير الترجمة الإنجليزية إلى مبادرة الحزام والطريق (BRI) عام 2016 عندما اعتبرت الحكومة الصينية أن التركيز على كلمتي «واحد» و«إستراتيجية» كان عرضة لسوء التفسير، والحقيقة ليس لسوء التفسير بل هي الهدف المخفي للمبادرة ، لذلك اختاروا مصطلح أكثر شمولاً «مبادرة» في ترجمتها الى اللغة الانكليزية. لكن لا يزال مصطلح «حزام واحد طريق واحد» هو المصطلح المرجعي في وسائل الإعلام باللغة الصينية.، وفي واقع الحال تقع ضمن الصراع الدائر بين الصين واميركا على الزعامة الاقتصادية للعالم، والفرق ان الصين اختارت الطريق الناعم لكسب الشعوب خصوصا تلك التي تحتاج بلدانها الى ضخ استثمارات في اقتصادياتها المنهكة بسبب فقرها والتي تدرك ان ثمن اللجوء الى اميركا هي الهيمنة ومصادرة الثروات الوطنية لبلدانها ،

مشاركة المقال :

107 thoughts on “الربط السككي ضرورة للتطور الاقتصادي -2 –”

  2. What i do not understood is if truth be told how you are not really much more well-preferred than you may be now. You’re very intelligent. You recognize therefore considerably in relation to this subject, made me individually believe it from so many numerous angles. Its like men and women don’t seem to be involved unless it¦s something to accomplish with Lady gaga! Your individual stuffs nice. At all times maintain it up!

    رد

  3. Thanx for the effort, keep up the good work Great work, I am going to start a small Blog Engine course work using your site I hope you enjoy blogging with the popular BlogEngine.net.Thethoughts you express are really awesome. Hope you will right some more posts.

    رد

  5. Have you ever thought about including a little bit more than just your articles? I mean, what you say is fundamental and all. Nevertheless imagine if you added some great photos or video clips to give your posts more, “pop”! Your content is excellent but with pics and clips, this blog could undeniably be one of the most beneficial in its niche. Good blog!

    رد

  12. You could definitely see your skills within the paintings you write. The world hopes for even more passionate writers such as you who are not afraid to say how they believe. At all times go after your heart. “Experience is a good school, but the fees are high.” by Heinrich Heine.

    رد

  13. Wonderful goods from you, man. I’ve be aware your stuff prior to and you are just extremely excellent. I actually like what you have acquired here, certainly like what you’re saying and the way in which you are saying it. You are making it enjoyable and you still care for to keep it wise. I can’t wait to learn far more from you. This is really a great web site.

    رد

  23. This blog is definitely rather handy since I’m at the moment creating an internet floral website – although I am only starting out therefore it’s really fairly small, nothing like this site. Can link to a few of the posts here as they are quite. Thanks much. Zoey Olsen

    رد

  25. I think this is one of the most significant info for me. And i am glad reading your article. But wanna remark on some general things, The site style is great, the articles is really great : D. Good job, cheers

    رد

  29. I’m not certain where you are getting your information, but good topic. I must spend some time finding out more or working out more. Thanks for excellent information I was in search of this information for my mission.

    رد

  34. Im not positive the place you’re getting your information, however good topic. I needs to spend some time finding out much more or working out more. Thank you for magnificent info I was looking for this information for my mission.

    رد

  36. Greetings from Idaho! I’m bored to tears at work so I decided to check out your site on my iphone during lunch break. I love the info you provide here and can’t wait to take a look when I get home. I’m surprised at how fast your blog loaded on my phone .. I’m not even using WIFI, just 3G .. Anyhow, very good blog!

    رد

  41. Hi there! This post couldn’t be written any better! Reading through this post reminds me of my previous room mate! He always kept talking about this. I will forward this article to him. Pretty sure he will have a good read. Thank you for sharing!

    رد

  42. I discovered your blog site on google and check a few of your early posts. Continue to keep up the very good operate. I just additional up your RSS feed to my MSN News Reader. Seeking forward to reading more from you later on!…

    رد

  56. An additional issue is really that video gaming has become one of the all-time most significant forms of entertainment for people of any age. Kids have fun with video games, and also adults do, too. The particular XBox 360 is amongst the favorite games systems for people who love to have a huge variety of games available to them, and also who like to play live with others all over the world. Many thanks for sharing your ideas.

    رد

  59. hello there and thank you for your info ? I have certainly picked up anything new from right here. I did however expertise some technical issues using this web site, as I experienced to reload the site a lot of times previous to I could get it to load correctly. I had been wondering if your web hosting is OK? Not that I’m complaining, but sluggish loading instances times will sometimes affect your placement in google and could damage your quality score if advertising and marketing with Adwords. Anyway I?m adding this RSS to my e-mail and can look out for a lot more of your respective exciting content. Make sure you update this again soon..

    رد

  63. Thanks for your advice on this blog. Just one thing I would like to say is that often purchasing gadgets items on the Internet is not new. In reality, in the past decade alone, the market for online gadgets has grown drastically. Today, you could find practically any type of electronic tool and product on the Internet, which include cameras and camcorders to computer parts and game playing consoles.

    رد

  64. Great ? I should certainly pronounce, impressed with your web site. I had no trouble navigating through all tabs and related information ended up being truly easy to do to access. I recently found what I hoped for before you know it in the least. Quite unusual. Is likely to appreciate it for those who add forums or anything, site theme . a tones way for your client to communicate. Nice task..

    رد

  65. Great beat ! I wish to apprentice while you amend your site, how can i subscribe for a blog web site? The account helped me a acceptable deal. I had been a little bit acquainted of this your broadcast offered bright clear concept

    رد

  67. Thanks for the helpful posting. It is also my belief that mesothelioma has an particularly long latency period, which means that symptoms of the disease won’t emerge until finally 30 to 50 years after the original exposure to mesothelioma. Pleural mesothelioma, that’s the most common form and impacts the area around the lungs, may cause shortness of breath, chest muscles pains, and also a persistent coughing, which may produce coughing up blood.

    رد

  68. Simply desire to say your article is as amazing. The clarity for your publish is simply cool and that i can assume you’re a professional on this subject. Fine along with your permission let me to seize your feed to keep updated with approaching post. Thanks 1,000,000 and please carry on the gratifying work.

    رد

  71. I have observed that in the world the present day, video games would be the latest trend with children of all ages. Periodically it may be not possible to drag your kids away from the games. If you want the very best of both worlds, there are numerous educational gaming activities for kids. Good post.

    رد

  74. Thanks for your useful post. As time passes, I have been able to understand that the symptoms of mesothelioma cancer are caused by the actual build up of fluid between the lining of the lung and the chest muscles cavity. The condition may start while in the chest vicinity and pass on to other body parts. Other symptoms of pleural mesothelioma cancer include fat loss, severe breathing in trouble, fever, difficulty taking in food, and inflammation of the neck and face areas. It needs to be noted that some people having the disease usually do not experience virtually any serious indicators at all.

    رد

  76. Just want to say your article is as surprising. The clarity in your submit is just great and i can suppose you’re knowledgeable on this subject. Fine together with your permission let me to snatch your RSS feed to keep up to date with coming near near post. Thank you a million and please carry on the rewarding work.

    رد

  79. Something more important is that when you are evaluating a good on the web electronics store, look for web shops that are consistently updated, trying to keep up-to-date with the latest products, the most beneficial deals, as well as helpful information on product or service. This will ensure you are getting through a shop which stays on top of the competition and provides you what you ought to make educated, well-informed electronics acquisitions. Thanks for the vital tips I have learned from your blog.

    رد

  81. The following time I learn a weblog, I hope that it doesnt disappoint me as much as this one. I mean, I do know it was my option to read, but I really thought youd have something fascinating to say. All I hear is a bunch of whining about one thing that you would repair if you happen to werent too busy on the lookout for attention.

    رد

  83. I’m amazed by the quality of this content! The author has undoubtedly put a tremendous amount of effort into exploring and organizing the information. It’s exciting to come across an article that not only provides valuable information but also keeps the readers engaged from start to finish. Hats off to him for making such a masterpiece!

    رد

  85. I?ve been exploring for a little for any high quality articles or blog posts in this sort of area . Exploring in Yahoo I eventually stumbled upon this site. Reading this info So i?m satisfied to show that I have an incredibly just right uncanny feeling I discovered just what I needed. I so much no doubt will make sure to do not omit this site and provides it a look regularly.

    رد

  86. I was just seeking this info for a while. After six hours of continuous Googleing, finally I got it in your website. I wonder what’s the lack of Google strategy that don’t rank this kind of informative web sites in top of the list. Usually the top web sites are full of garbage.

    رد

  87. Fantastic beat ! I wish to apprentice even as you amend your site, how can i subscribe for a blog website? The account helped me a appropriate deal. I were tiny bit acquainted of this your broadcast provided vivid clear idea

    رد

  88. One more thing. In my opinion that there are numerous travel insurance web-sites of dependable companies that allow you enter a trip details and get you the quotations. You can also purchase the actual international holiday insurance policy on internet by using your own credit card. Everything you need to do is to enter all travel specifics and you can understand the plans side-by-side. Merely find the program that suits your allowance and needs and use your bank credit card to buy the idea. Travel insurance on the internet is a good way to check for a dependable company regarding international travel insurance. Thanks for sharing your ideas.

    رد

  89. It’s a pity you don’t have a donate button! I’d without a doubt donate to this outstanding blog! I guess for now i’ll settle for book-marking and adding your RSS feed to my Google account. I look forward to new updates and will share this site with my Facebook group. Chat soon!

    رد

  90. Thanks for the thoughts you have provided here. Moreover, I believe there are several factors which really keep your car insurance premium straight down. One is, to take into consideration buying automobiles that are within the good list of car insurance businesses. Cars that happen to be expensive will be more at risk of being snatched. Aside from that insurance is also based on the value of your car, so the higher priced it is, then the higher a premium you pay.

    رد

  91. Oh my goodness! an amazing article dude. Thanks However I’m experiencing challenge with ur rss . Don?t know why Unable to subscribe to it. Is there anybody getting similar rss drawback? Anyone who is aware of kindly respond. Thnkx

    رد

  94. I’d also like to convey that most individuals that find themselves without health insurance are generally students, self-employed and those that are not working. More than half of the uninsured are really under the age of 35. They do not think they are in need of health insurance as they are young and also healthy. Their own income is typically spent on housing, food, as well as entertainment. Lots of people that do work either 100 or as a hobby are not presented insurance by their work so they get along without with the rising cost of health insurance in the us. Thanks for the tips you reveal through this blog.

    رد

  95. Oh my goodness! I’m in awe of the author’s writing skills and talent to convey complex concepts in a straightforward and concise manner. This article is a true gem that merits all the accolades it can get. Thank you so much, author, for sharing your knowledge and providing us with such a valuable asset. I’m truly thankful!

    رد

  96. Great items from you, man. I have be mindful your stuff prior to and you are just too great. I actually like what you’ve received right here, really like what you are saying and the way in which in which you say it. You’re making it entertaining and you continue to take care of to keep it sensible. I can not wait to read much more from you. This is actually a great website.

    رد

  97. Hey there, I think your blog might be having browser compatibility issues. When I look at your blog site in Firefox, it looks fine but when opening in Internet Explorer, it has some overlapping. I just wanted to give you a quick heads up! Other then that, fantastic blog!

    رد

  98. There are definitely a number of details like that to take into consideration. That could be a great level to carry up. I supply the ideas above as common inspiration however clearly there are questions just like the one you convey up where a very powerful factor might be working in sincere good faith. I don?t know if best practices have emerged around issues like that, however I’m sure that your job is clearly recognized as a good game. Each girls and boys feel the impact of just a moment?s pleasure, for the remainder of their lives.

    رد

  99. Thank you for some other informative website. The place else may I get that kind of information written in such a perfect manner? I’ve a mission that I’m just now working on, and I have been on the look out for such information.

    رد

  100. Thanks for the a new challenge you have disclosed in your post. One thing I would like to discuss is that FSBO human relationships are built after a while. By releasing yourself to owners the first saturday and sunday their FSBO will be announced, prior to a masses begin calling on Mon, you develop a good relationship. By sending them methods, educational elements, free accounts, and forms, you become a great ally. By taking a personal curiosity about them and also their circumstances, you build a solid connection that, in many cases, pays off in the event the owners opt with an agent they know plus trust – preferably you actually.

    رد

  101. Great article. It’s very unfortunate that over the last several years, the travel industry has already been able to to deal with terrorism, SARS, tsunamis, bird flu, swine flu, and also the first ever true global tough economy. Through everything the industry has proven to be strong, resilient in addition to dynamic, locating new strategies to deal with misfortune. There are generally fresh difficulties and chance to which the business must yet again adapt and act in response.

    رد

  102. What i don’t understood is actually how you are not really much more well-liked than you may be now. You’re very intelligent. You realize thus significantly relating to this subject, made me personally consider it from numerous varied angles. Its like women and men aren’t fascinated unless it?s one thing to do with Lady gaga! Your own stuffs nice. Always maintain it up!

    رد

  105. You actually make it seem so easy with your presentation but I find this topic to be actually something which I think I would never understand. It seems too complex and very broad for me. I’m looking forward for your next post, I will try to get the hang of it!

    رد

اترك تعليقاً

لن يتم نشر عنوان بريدك الإلكتروني. الحقول الإلزامية مشار إليها بـ *