د عماد عبدالرزاق المستشار الوطني للصحة النفسية في وزارة الصحة
تتداول وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي حاليا قضية الرأي العام حول العنف الاانساني وغير المنضبط الاجرامي الذي ادى الى وفاة الطفل موسى ولاء من قبل زوجة الاب
كما نعلم ان المرأة بيولوجيا اكثر عاطفيا وتاثرا بالمواقف من الرجل
حيث انعم الخالق عز وجل عليها ووهبها مقدرة الحب والرحمة والحنان والعطف والسلوان والحياء ومن سمات المراة ايضا التضحية والتسامح ولذلك فهي تغض النظر عن كثير من الامور بالرغم من معرفتها ان المقابل مخطيء
وهذه العاطفة العالية والتاثر المرهف جعلها حساسة وقلقلة من المواقف التي تسبب لها التهميش والاهمال
لذلك المراة بحاجة مستمرة الى الاهتمام والدعم لكي نحافظ على كينونة الاسرة
اما قضية العنف من قبل بعض الامهات نحو الاطفال فهو بسبب خلل نفسي يمكن تفسيره بما يلي :
السبب الاول
1-الجهل من قبل الامهات بمراحل النمو النفسي للاطفال مما يولد اما زيادة او قلة في توقعات او منظور الام تجاه طفلها لذلك يولد صعوبة لدى عقلية الام في تفهم او تقبل مشاعر الطفل من خوف او قلق او حزن لذلك يحدث تقاطع في التواصل او خلل في التعامل مع الطفل وفي بعض الاحيان تكون الام جاهلة بتفكير الطفل او خياله او انطباعه لنفسه او للاخريين او تجاة البيئة التي يعيش فيها ولذلك تقول بسهولة وببديهية انه (جاهل )
او حتى في كثير من الاحيان يكون الجهل في معرفة العمر الذي يتمكن الطفل فيها بصورة كاملة من التمييز او التفريق بين الخطأ والصواب مع العلم ان هذا العمر هو مقياس للنضج النفسي والفكري للطفل ويتاثر بعوامل اجتماعية وبيئية
وهذا بسبب ما يلي :
1-الزواج المبكر
2-قلة فرص التعليم بسبب التسرب وترك المدرسة
3-ضعف ثقافة الاسرة
4-تأثير وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي
السبب الثاني
هناك خلل في مرحلة الطفولة التي تمر بها بعض الامهات بسبب سوء التربية من خلال المعاملة القاسية او فقدان الرعاية او الحنان الابوي او تعرضهم للعنف اللفظي من خلال اشعارهم بالنبذ والرفض وبالعدمية اوممكن العنف الجسدي فيولد لديهم شعور بالقهر والدونية او النظرة السلبية للنفس وهذه تولد كراهية لهذه المرحلة من الطفولة البريئة وبالتالي تولد لديهم هولاء الامهات حيلة دفاعية نفسية ( الاسقاط ) التي فيها الصاق العيوب والنقائص والرغبات المحرمة التي يجدونها غير مقبولة بالاخريين وبالتالي توجه كل النوازع العدوانية المكبونة تجاه اطفالها
السبب الثالث
بسبب تراكم الازمات الانسانية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية الناتجة من الارهاب والعنف الطائفي والقومي والذي له تأثيرنفسي سلبي الناتج من الصدمات النفسية او الضغوط النفسية المستمرة فيجعلهم اكثر ميلا للعنف وحسب ما يلي:
1-النظرة العقلية المتكررة لنفسهم لتبني دور الضحية تجاه المواقف الصادرة من حولهم مما يولد قلة التعاطف تجاه الاخريين وتسفيه معاناتهم وكما محاولة استدعاء مظالم الماضي لتبرير التجاوزات في الحاضر وايضا الشعور بالتفوق الاخلاقي والحصانة ضد النقد
2-انتقال تاثير الصدمات عبر الاجيال مما يولد فجوة في المهارات الحياتية في التعامل مع الامور الحياتية الاعتيادية اليومية ولذلك تزداد الاتجاهات نحو العنف تجاه الاخريين في الجانب الظاهري والباطني (المخفي)
3-ممكن تحدث تغييرات في نمو الشخصية أي اضطراب في الشخصية
تنتج اما شخصية سايكو باثية الذي يتلذذ ويستمتع بمعاناة المقابل بدون شعور بالذنب او وخز الضمير
او الشخصية الحدية التي تمتاز بفراغ عاطفي او نفسي او تتولد لديهم افكار اضطهادية او نوبات من الانفعال والعدوانية تجاه الاخريين
وفي الختام يجب عل الجميع تحصين عوائلهم واسرهم تجاه وباء العنف
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